Official topics · annotated
Charles Pilsen Entrance Exam 2027: Full Topic List (Syllabus)
Pilsen's written test is 60 questions, 20 each in Biology, Chemistry and Physics, each with one correct answer worth one point. Everything it covers is on the faculty's own Syllabus of Entrance Exams, printed on its admission page and quoted here in full: 24 Biology topics, 33 in Chemistry and 38 in Physics.
All 95 topics of Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen's official topic list, in its own words, each with what to know, the IvyTest lessons that teach it and the questions of our free sample test that test it. Tick a topic off when you have it; your ticks stay in this browser.
Based on "Syllabus of Entrance Exams", the page on Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen's admissions site, as it read on 30 October 2026 (the page carries no date of its own). The official wording is quoted as printed; the notes and links are IvyTest's.
Before you start
How to use this list
The faculty prints this syllabus on its admission page, under the exam's format and beside its three sample tests. It names topics only, with no weighting, and recommends A-level study guides for the level. The page does not number its topics: it runs each heading's items together, separated by dashes, so each item is one topic here, numbered in the page's order and quoted as printed. Work through a heading at a time: read the note, learn it from the lesson, then check yourself on the practice paper's questions before you tick it.
The lessons are part of the Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen Complete Admissions System and open for students who have it; a lesson marked "members" links to the Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen guide, which says what it includes.
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Charles University Pilsen Entrance Exam
What's not on the test
Anything outside the three sciences. The admission page says the entrance examination "consists of a written test in Chemistry, Biology and Physics", 20 questions each, so there is no logic, reading or general-knowledge section, and Mathematics is not a subject of its own: it comes in only through the calculations the Chemistry and Physics topics name.
8 topics
General and Cell Biology
Foundations and Classification
What to know: Who is known for what: Harvey (the circulation of the blood), Purkyně (Purkinje cells and fibres), Darwin (natural selection), Pasteur (germ theory, vaccines), Mendel (laws of inheritance), Fleming (penicillin), Koch (the tuberculosis bacillus), Watson and Crick (the DNA double helix), Vesalius (anatomy), Malpighi (capillaries), van Leeuwenhoek (microorganisms under the microscope), Hooke (named the cell), Schleiden (cell theory in plants), Morgan (genes on chromosomes).
Foundations and Classification
What to know: The ranks of classification from domain to species, the biological species concept, where vertebrates sit and how humans are classified (Homo sapiens, family Hominidae, order Primates).
Lesson (members): Biodiversity & classificationLesson (members): Animal diversity, zoology & body plans
Foundations and Classification
What to know: The levels of organisation from molecule to biosphere; acellular agents (viruses), unicellular and multicellular organisms, and what sets each apart.
Lesson (members): Levels of biological organization & homeostasisLesson (members): Biodiversity & classificationSample question 1
Foundations and Classification
What to know: Darwin's natural selection and the factors that change a population: variability, mutation, selection, genetic drift and gene flow.
Foundations and Classification
What to know: Prebiotic chemistry and the first cells, then human evolution: Homo sapiens, its ancestors and related species.
Cell Structure
What to know: Cell theory and cell size; prokaryotic against eukaryotic, plant against animal cells; what cells are made of: proteins, nucleic acids, saccharides and lipids.
Lesson (members): Cell theory, prokaryotes & eukaryotesLesson (members): Cell structure & organellesLesson (members): Proteins & enzymesLesson (members): Nucleic acids & nucleotides
Transport and Cell Energetics
What to know: What each organelle does; membranes and transport (diffusion, osmosis, active transport, endocytosis); photosynthesis, glycolysis, cell respiration and oxidative phosphorylation.
Lesson (members): Cell membranes & membrane transportLesson (members): Glycolysis & cellular respirationLesson (members): PhotosynthesisSample question 2Sample question 3Sample question 4Sample question 5Sample question 6
Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis
What to know: The phases of the cell cycle and their checkpoints, the phases of mitosis and meiosis, crossing over, and how the two divisions differ in purpose, daughter cells and variation.
Lesson (members): Cell cycle & mitosisLesson (members): Meiosis & gametogenesisSample question 7Sample question 8
2 topics
Genetics and Heredity
Chromosomes and Gene Expression
What to know: The human karyotype and chromosome classes, sex determination, DNA and RNA structure, replication, transcription, translation and the genetic code, gene regulation, and mutations and their effects.
Lesson (members): DNA structure & replicationLesson (members): Transcription, RNA & translationLesson (members): Gene regulation, mutations & biotechnologyLesson (members): Cytogenetics & chromosomal abnormalitiesSample question 9Sample question 10
Inheritance and Medical Genetics
What to know: Genotype and phenotype, dominance, incomplete dominance and codominance, Mendel's laws, linkage, and autosomal, sex-linked, multifactorial and chromosomal disorders.
Lesson (members): Mendelian geneticsLesson (members): Non-Mendelian & human geneticsLesson (members): Cytogenetics & chromosomal abnormalitiesSample question 11Sample question 12
13 topics
Human Biology
Tissues, Blood and Immunity
What to know: The four tissue types, what each looks like and where it is found, and which germ layer gives rise to what.
Tissues, Blood and Immunity
What to know: Total body water and how it divides between the intracellular and extracellular fluid, and what plasma contains.
Tissues, Blood and Immunity
What to know: Red cells, white cells and platelets: what each does and their normal counts, and the volume of blood.
Lesson (members): Cardiovascular system & bloodLesson (members): Innate & adaptive immunitySample question 13
Tissues, Blood and Immunity
What to know: ABO and Rh: agglutinogens on the cells, agglutinins in the plasma, safe transfusions, the universal donor (O) and recipient (AB).
Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
What to know: The axial and appendicular skeleton, bone structure and growth, joints, and skeletal muscle from the motor unit to the sliding filaments.
Lesson (members): Skeletal system, bones & jointsLesson (members): Muscular systemSample question 15
Circulation and Respiration
What to know: The airways and lungs, ventilation, how oxygen and carbon dioxide are carried, and gas exchange in the lungs and tissues.
Circulation and Respiration
What to know: Chambers, valves, the pulmonary and systemic routes, the conduction system and heart rate.
Lesson (members): Cardiovascular system & bloodSample question 17Sample question 18
Circulation and Respiration
What to know: Arteries, veins and capillaries, blood pressure, and the lymphatic system with lymph nodes and the spleen.
Digestive, Excretory and Endocrine Systems
What to know: The organs and glands of the digestive tract, the liver and bile, nutrients and vitamins, and how carbohydrates, proteins and fats are digested and absorbed.
Digestive, Excretory and Endocrine Systems
What to know: How urine is made and what it contains, and the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.
Nervous and Sensory Systems
What to know: Neurons and glia, the somatic and autonomic nerves, the parts of the brain, reflexes, resting and action potentials, and synapses.
Lesson (members): Nervous system & sensory physiologySample question 20
Nervous and Sensory Systems
What to know: Smell, taste, skin senses, the eye, the vestibular apparatus and hearing.
Lesson (members): Nervous system & sensory physiologyLesson (members): Integumentary system
Digestive, Excretory and Endocrine Systems
What to know: Kinds of gland and hormone, and the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, pancreas, adrenals and gonads with what each secretes.
Lesson (members): Endocrine system & hormonesSample question 19
1 topic
Ecology
Ecology
What to know: The levels from organism to biosphere, biodiversity, habitat and niche, biotic and abiotic factors, food chains and webs, trophic levels, and the composition of the atmosphere.
Lesson (members): Ecology, populations & ecosystemsLesson (members): Biodiversity & classificationLesson (members): Earth & environmental systemsSample question 16
21 topics
General and Inorganic Chemistry
Atomic Structure and Radioactivity
What to know: Protons, neutrons and electrons, atomic and mass number, electron configurations, isotopes and isotones, radioactive decay, and relative and molar mass.
Lesson (members): Atomic structure & electronic configurationLesson (members): Measurement, quantities & the moleSample question 21Sample question 22
Amount of Substance and Stoichiometry
What to know: The mole and Avogadro's constant, molar mass, and moving between mass, amount and number of particles.
Lesson (members): Measurement, quantities & the moleLesson (members): Stoichiometry & chemical equationsSample question 23Sample question 24
Chemical Bonding and Intermolecular Forces
What to know: Covalent, ionic and metallic bonds; hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions; forces between particles in solids, liquids and gases.
Lesson (members): Chemical bonding & molecular structureLesson (members): Intermolecular forcesSample question 25Sample question 26
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: How the table is laid out, electron configurations by position, the periodic trends, and balancing quantities in equations (stoichiometry).
Lesson (members): Periodic table & periodic trendsSample question 28
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: Hydrogen and the alkali metals: one valence electron, the isotopes of hydrogen, sodium and potassium in body fluids.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elementsLesson (members): Periodic table & periodic trends
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: The alkaline-earth metals: two valence electrons, magnesium and calcium in the body.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elementsLesson (members): Periodic table & periodic trendsSample question 27
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: Boron to thallium: three valence electrons, aluminium in the Earth's crust.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: Carbon to lead: four valence electrons, carbon in living things, the carbon oxides.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: Nitrogen to bismuth: five valence electrons, nitrogen in the air, ammonia and the nitrogen oxides.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: Oxygen to polonium: six valence electrons, oxygen in the crust and air, oxides, water, sulphides, sulphuric acid and sulphates.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: The halogens: seven valence electrons, halide anions, sodium chloride, fluoride and iodide in the diet.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
The Periodic Table and Main Groups
What to know: The noble gases: full outer shell, low reactivity, occurrence in air, radon's radioactivity.
Lesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elements
Inorganic Nomenclature and Oxidation States
What to know: Naming oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts from their formulas and back, calculations from formulas, and assigning oxidation states.
Lesson (members): Inorganic nomenclatureLesson (members): Inorganic compounds & properties of elementsLesson (members): Redox & electrochemistrySample question 29Sample question 30
Mixtures, Solutions and Concentration
What to know: Solute and solvent, solubility.
Mixtures, Solutions and Concentration
What to know: Mass fraction, molarity and mass concentration, with dilution and mixing calculations.
Lesson (members): Solutions, solubility & concentrationSample question 31Sample question 32
Mixtures, Solutions and Concentration
What to know: Electrolytes and nonelectrolytes, dissociation, and the concentration of ions it gives.
Mixtures, Solutions and Concentration
What to know: Suspensions and emulsions, sedimentation and stability.
Mixtures, Solutions and Concentration
What to know: Density from mass and volume, and its units (g/cm³ and kg/m³).
Chemical Reactions, Kinetics and Redox
What to know: The reaction types listed, what speeds a reaction up (temperature, concentration, catalysts) and the equilibrium constant.
Lesson (members): Reaction kineticsLesson (members): Chemical equilibriumSample question 33
Chemical Reactions, Kinetics and Redox
What to know: Oxidation as loss and reduction as gain of electrons, redox pairs, oxidising and reducing agents, balancing equations.
Lesson (members): Redox & electrochemistrySample question 34
Acids, Bases and pH
What to know: Acids, bases and amphoteric compounds, pH from the hydrogen ion concentration, strong against weak acids, neutralisation and titration, and dissociation constants.
Lesson (members): Acids, bases, pH & buffersSample question 35Sample question 36
12 topics
Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
Organic Structure and Isomerism
What to know: Molecular, empirical and structural formulas, naming organic compounds and their main reactions.
Lesson (members): Hydrocarbons & aromatic compoundsLesson (members): Isomerism & stereochemistry
Organic Structure and Isomerism
What to know: The valences of C, H, O, N and the halogens, saturated and unsaturated, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and isomers.
Lesson (members): Hydrocarbons & aromatic compoundsLesson (members): Isomerism & stereochemistrySample question 37
Functional Groups and Derivatives
What to know: Thiols, alcohols and phenols, aldehydes, ketones and quinones: recognising, naming and oxidising them.
Lesson (members): Alcohols, phenols, ethers & thiolsLesson (members): Aldehydes & ketonesSample question 38
Functional Groups and Derivatives
What to know: Mono-, di- and tricarboxylic acids, their salts, esters, amides, anhydrides, halides and nitriles, and the fatty acids.
Heterocycles, Amines and Amino Acids
What to know: The rings listed, and which bases of nucleic acids are purines and which pyrimidines.
Heterocycles, Amines and Amino Acids
What to know: Primary, secondary and tertiary amines, and the biological amines listed (choline, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, histamine).
Heterocycles, Amines and Amino Acids
What to know: Amino acid formulas and classes, charge and the isoelectric point, the peptide bond.
Lesson (members): Biomolecules & biochemical chemistrySample question 39
Biomolecules
What to know: Monosaccharides, D and L forms, reducing sugars, and the key di- and polysaccharides.
Lesson (members): Biomolecules & biochemical chemistryLesson (members): Isomerism & stereochemistrySample question 40
Biomolecules
What to know: Triacylglycerols, phospholipids and steroids, with cholesterol, lecithin and sphingomyelin.
Biomolecules
What to know: The four levels of protein structure, the bonds that hold each, and denaturation.
Biomolecules
What to know: Bases, nucleosides and nucleotides, base pairing, the bonds in a nucleic acid, DNA and the types of RNA.
Biomolecules
What to know: The vitamins, fat- and water-soluble.
3 topics
Units and Quantities
Units, Quantities and Dimensions
What to know: The SI, CGS and MKS systems and the seven SI base units.
Units, Quantities and Dimensions
What to know: Prefixes from nano to giga, converting lengths, areas and volumes, and the density of water (1000 kg/m³).
Units, Quantities and Dimensions
What to know: Writing derived units (N, J, W, Pa, C, V, Ω) in base units, and scalars against vectors.
Lesson (members): Measurement, units, scalars & vectorsSample question 41
11 topics
Mechanics
Linear Motion
What to know: The equations of uniformly accelerated motion, free fall and g.
Lesson (members): KinematicsSample question 42Sample question 43
Forces, Rotation and Gravitation
What to know: Newton's three laws, momentum and impulse, weight, torque, and circular motion: frequency, angular frequency and centripetal acceleration.
Lesson (members): Forces & Newtonian dynamicsLesson (members): Momentum, impulse & collisionsSample question 44
Forces, Rotation and Gravitation
What to know: F = Gm₁m₂/r² and how the force changes with mass and distance.
Lesson (members): Statics, equilibrium & gravitationSample question 45
Work, Power and Energy
What to know: W = Fs, P = W/t, and efficiency as useful output over input.
Work, Power and Energy
What to know: Kinetic and potential energy and their conservation.
Fluids
What to know: p = F/A, hydrostatic pressure p = ρgh, Pascal's principle and atmospheric pressure.
Lesson (members): Fluid statics & dynamicsSample question 48
Fluids
What to know: Buoyant force equals the weight of the fluid displaced.
Fluids
What to know: ρ = m/V, common units, the density of water and of air.
Fluids
What to know: The continuity equation, Bernoulli's law, viscosity, laminar and turbulent flow.
Lesson (members): Fluid statics & dynamicsSample question 49
Fluids
What to know: Surface tension, its formula and unit, and its effects.
5 topics
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics and Heat
What to know: Systems, states and processes.
Thermodynamics and Heat
What to know: Celsius and kelvin, absolute zero (0 K, about −273 °C), normal body temperature.
Thermodynamics and Heat
What to know: The first law (ΔU = Q − W) and the second.
Thermodynamics and Heat
What to know: pV = nRT, the gas constant, and isobaric, isothermal and isochoric changes with the gas laws named.
Thermodynamics and Heat
What to know: Thermal expansion, heat capacity and specific heat capacity, Q = mcΔT and mixing calculations.
Lesson (members): Heat & thermodynamicsLesson (members): Solids, elasticity & material propertiesSample question 50
8 topics
Electricity and Magnetism
Electrostatics and Capacitance
What to know: Charge and the coulomb, attraction and repulsion, the charges of the electron and proton.
Electrostatics and Capacitance
What to know: Coulomb's law, field strength, potential and potential difference.
Lesson (members): Electrostatics & electric fieldsSample question 52
Electrostatics and Capacitance
What to know: C = Q/V, the parallel-plate capacitor, the farad, and capacitors in series and in parallel.
Lesson (members): Electrostatics & electric fieldsSample question 53
Current Electricity and Circuits
What to know: Current and the ampere, Ohm's law, resistance, and resistors in series and in parallel.
Lesson (members): Current, circuits & electrical powerSample question 54
Current Electricity and Circuits
What to know: P = VI and its other forms, and energy as power times time.
Lesson (members): Current, circuits & electrical powerSample question 55
Magnetism, Induction and Alternating Current
What to know: Faraday's law of electrolysis and the Faraday constant.
Magnetism, Induction and Alternating Current
What to know: Magnetic force on a current, permeability, flux and flux density, the field and Ampère's rule.
Lesson (members): Magnetism & electromagnetismSample question 56
Magnetism, Induction and Alternating Current
What to know: Faraday's and Lenz's laws, Fleming's rule, effective values of alternating current and voltage, AC power, impedance and the transformer.
Lesson (members): Magnetism & electromagnetismSample question 57
11 topics
Optics and Acoustics
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: The speed of light, wavelength and frequency, the spectrum from infrared to ultraviolet, and photon energy E = hf.
Lesson (members): Geometrical & physical opticsLesson (members): Atomic, quantum & modern physicsSample question 59
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: The laws of reflection and refraction, refractive index, Snell's law and the critical angle.
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: Mirrors and lenses, optical power in dioptres, the lens equation and magnification.
Lesson (members): Geometrical & physical opticsSample question 58
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: Interference and polarisation.
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: Luminous intensity, luminous flux and illuminance, with their units.
Light, Optics and Photons
What to know: The eye as an optical system.
Sound and Acoustics
What to know: How sound is produced, transmitted and received.
Sound and Acoustics
What to know: v = fλ and the speed of sound in different media.
Lesson (members): Oscillations, waves & soundSample question 60
Sound and Acoustics
What to know: Sound pressure and intensity, and their levels in decibels.
Sound and Acoustics
What to know: The hearing range, noise, pitch, loudness, timbre and the location of sound.
Sound and Acoustics
What to know: Ultrasound above 20 kHz and infrasound below 20 Hz, and ultrasound in medicine.
Lesson (members): Oscillations, waves & soundLesson (members): Medical imaging & radiation applications
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Test yourself on the list
The free sample test sets 60 questions in the exam's own format, every one explained. The Charles University Pilsen Entrance Exam guide has the format, dates and scoring in full.